翻译 allegory of the cave

Eventually he is able to look at the stars and moon at night until finally he can look upon the sun itself Only after he can look right at the sun "might he reason about it" and what it is
he freed prisoner would think that the real world was superior to the world he experienced in the cave; "he would bless himself for the change, and pity " and would want to bring his fellow cave dwellers out of the cave and into the sunlight
The returning prisoner, whose eyes have become acclimated to the light of the sun, would be blind when he re-enters the cave, just as he was when he was first exposed to the sun . The prisoners, according to Socrates, would infer from the returning one's blindness that the journey out of the cave had harmed him and that they should not undertake a similar journey. Socrates concludes that the prisoners, if they were able, would therefore reach out and kill any who attempted to drag them out of the cave

what is an "allegory"?
what is a good alternate title for thepassage?
the paper ia an extended metaphor. what isit a metaphor for?
why would the prisoners kill anyone whotried to lead them out of the cave?

洞穴寓言
最终他能够在夜晚看星星和月亮直到他能够直视太阳本身，等到他能够看着太阳时，“他就可能得出关于太阳的结论”以及它是什么。
作为一个获得自由的囚犯他会认为这个真实的世界要比他之前所呆着的洞穴好多了，“他会为他自己能经历的改变而赞美，以及为同他一起呆在洞穴中的伙伴们没能经历这次改变而感到遗憾”，然后他会想把和他一起呆在下面的洞穴的同伴们从洞穴带到阳光里。

这个囚犯的眼睛已经开始适应外面的阳光，当他折返回洞穴时又将重新适应黑暗以至于变得像瞎子一样，就像当他第一次暴露在阳光下一样。苏格拉底说，他的同伴会从这个回来的囚犯的眼睛变瞎的样子明白了这次走出洞穴的旅行伤害了他，因此他们不该实践这次走出洞穴的旅行。苏格拉底总结说：这些囚犯如果可以的话，他们会抓住并杀掉任何一个试图将他们拽出洞穴的人。
文中的洞穴是什么？
有什么好标题能概括这篇文章？
这篇文章是一个延伸的隐喻，他在隐喻什么？
为什么这些囚犯想要杀掉任何一个试图带领他们走出洞穴的人？

这是文章的标题，一个大写为 the allegory of the cave。 著名的《洞穴之喻》以形象生动的方式表明了柏拉图政治哲学的基本理念，这就是：理想的国家具有唯一性，真正的哲学家适合做统治者；囚徒缺少的是自由而不仅仅是知识；理想国家须以宗教作补充。柏拉图的哲学王思想标志着古典希腊城邦公共政治生活时代的结束，哲学与宗教时代的开始。 这一比喻与太阳之喻和线段之喻相联系。洞穴之中的世界相应于可感世界，而洞穴外面的世界则比作理智世界。