求这个题目的答案，姜作利的英语版《国际商法》里的，书第169页第14题。可以写中文答案。

X(a Chinese company) concluded,
acting as an agent of Z(a Chinese factory),
a contract with Y(an American company) to purchase ten machines.
Upon the arrival of the machines in Qingdao,
the carrier handed over the machine to Z who showed a certificate by a municipal organ,
failing to make the delivery to X who held the bill of lading but (the relevant businessman ) was away in Guangzhou at a meeting .
X sued Z for damages.
Who should X sue for damages?
Has the property of the goods passed to Z?
Was the carrier liable for the damages?
What liabilities of X?

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哦