不定式作原因状语如何使用?
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解决时间 2021-02-01 19:00
- 提问者网友:白柏唇蜜
- 2021-02-01 12:07
不定式作原因状语如何使用?
最佳答案
- 二级知识专家网友:樣嘚尐年
- 2021-02-01 12:33
不定式作原因状语主要用于表示表情与心理状态的动词或表语形容词;表示人对某事某物的反应如何,有一种直觉感,常译作“因……而……”的说法。
常见的这类表情心态形容词有(be)glad, happy, sorry, sad, worried, pleased, satisfied, surprised, shocked, terrified, frightened, disappointed等。 如: The man shuddered to see the terrifying scene看见这恐怖的场面这个人浑身发抖。(因为看到了这恐怖场面,这人才浑身发抖.) 而不定式用作目的状语时,其句意特点很明显,和原因状语从句各不相同,通常在译成中文时可用“为了”来表示. 如:Doctors worked through the night to save the life of the injured man. 医生彻夜工作以拯救伤者的生命。(以拯救伤者的生命=目的是为了拯救伤者的生命)
所以从你这句可以看出明显的原因状语从句.你可以从目的状语从句翻译观点出发就知道行得通不了.
常见的这类表情心态形容词有(be)glad, happy, sorry, sad, worried, pleased, satisfied, surprised, shocked, terrified, frightened, disappointed等。 如: The man shuddered to see the terrifying scene看见这恐怖的场面这个人浑身发抖。(因为看到了这恐怖场面,这人才浑身发抖.) 而不定式用作目的状语时,其句意特点很明显,和原因状语从句各不相同,通常在译成中文时可用“为了”来表示. 如:Doctors worked through the night to save the life of the injured man. 医生彻夜工作以拯救伤者的生命。(以拯救伤者的生命=目的是为了拯救伤者的生命)
所以从你这句可以看出明显的原因状语从句.你可以从目的状语从句翻译观点出发就知道行得通不了.
全部回答
- 1楼网友:晨与橙与城
- 2021-02-01 13:11
1. 目的,结果与伴随(或连续性)
动词不定式可以表示目的作状语(或in order+不定式;so as+不定式;just+不定式等),也可以做结果状语,而分词则不能。
现在分词可以做伴随状语(或表示连续性动作。),不定式却无此功能。
1.1目的状语
例:(2005.福建卷)—can the project be finished as planned?
—sure,______ it completed in time ,we’ll work two more hours a day.
a. having got b. to get c. getting d. get
答案b。此句表示我们每天将多工作两个小时,目的是为了及时完成那项工程。分词不表示目的,故用不定式。
例:(2005.辽宁卷)—all these gifts must be mailed immediately______ in time for christmas.
a. in order to have received b. in order to receive
c. so as to be received d. so as to be receiving
答案c。所有这些礼物必须马上被送走,目的是为了及时被收到过圣诞节。此题设计了动词不定式的四种形式。用一般被动式表示未来的被动动作。
例:(2005.上海卷)—it was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _____ a look at the sports stars.
a. had b. having c. to have d. have
答案c。从“unbelievable”可知球迷在体育馆外等了三小时,只是为了看看运动明星,故不定式做目的状语。
1.2 结果状语(only+不定式表示令人失望的结果)
例:(2005.广东卷)—he hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left.
a. to find b. finding c. found d. to have found
答案a。句意为:他匆忙到达车站,未能赶上火车而感到失望。所以选不定式的一般式。
1.3 伴随状语
例 1.(2005.重庆卷)daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together,_____ fun.
a. had b. have c. to have d. having
答案d。根据句意可知,取乐是“只要我们在一起”所伴随的动作。故用分词。
例 2. (2006湖北卷) don’t sit there _________ nothing. come and help me with this table.
a. do b. to do c. doing d. and doing
答案c。此句中doing作sit的伴随状语。
1.4连续动作
例:(2005.全国卷)—“you can’t catch me !” — jannet shouted,______ away.
a. run b. running c. to run d. ran
答案b。根据题意知jannet喊了“你抓不住我!”后跑了,喊、跑的动作连续发生。所以选分词。
2. 时间,原因,让步和条件
分词可以作时间状语;原因状语;让步状语;条件状语。
2.1时间状语
例:(2005.全国卷)—the storm left,_____ a lot of damage to this area.
a. caused b. to have caused c. to cause d. having caused
答案d。根据题意得知,暴风雨对此地区造成大量的破坏后离开。造成破坏发生在离开之前,而且暴风雨造成破坏,含有主动意义,所以选分词完成式,作时间状语。
例:(2005.上海)______ into use in april 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.
a. put b. putting c. having put d. being put
答案a。根据题意可知热线在2000年4月被开通使用,热线是动作的承受者,故用过去分词短语作时间状语相当(=when the hotline was put into use in april 2000,)。
例:______ a bear coming , he fled.
a. having seen b. seen c. to see d. seeing
答案d。用现在分词一般式,作状语,相当(=when he saw a bear coming,)。
例:(2005.湖南卷)______ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
a. dressed b. to dress c. dressing d. having dressed
答案a。此句中dressed in a white uniform相当 ( = when he is dressed in…)的时间状语从句。用过去分词表状态。
2.2原因或理由
例:_______ my work ,i have nothing to do .
a. to have finished b. to finish
c. having finished d. finishing
答案c。此句分词完成式表示原因相当(=as i have finished …)。
2.3让步状语
例:______ what you say ,i can’t still believe it.
a. to admit b. admitted c. admitting d. being admitted
答案c。admitting what you say = (though i can admit what you say)
2.4条件状语
例:______ you will find the house you want.
a. to turn to left b. turning to left
c. turn to left d. to have turned to left
答案b。此句中分词短语作条件状语相当(=if you turn to left…)
3. 独立句
动词不定式独立成分是用来强调自己所说内容的确切性,而分词独立片语则表示说话者所持的态度及看法。
3.1不定式独立式
例:______ , i don’t know.
a. to tell the truth b. to have told the truth
c. being told the truth d. having told the truth
答案a。此句相当(=in order to tell the truth that i don’t know i…)。
3.2分词独立片语
例:(2005.全国卷)______ , the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.
a. general speaking b. speaking general
c. generally speaking d. speaking generally
答案c。此句中用副词修饰分词,意为“一般的说来”,相当(=if i speak generally…)。
通过对动词不定式与分词作状语的功能辨析,要高度地重视目的、结果、时间、伴随(或连续)、条件、让步、原因(或理由)、及独立等状语的特点,弄清二者之间作状语的差异。
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