求定语从句总结加练习题【急】！
答案:1 悬赏:60
解决时间 2021-11-24 19:26
- 提问者网友：北故人
- 2021-11-24 09:13
请问谁能帮总结下怎样用关系代词啊？？还有练习题。 请大家帮帮忙~
最佳答案
- 二级知识专家网友：错过的是遗憾
- 2021-11-24 10:10
定语从句
定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。
e.g.Tom is a hardworking student who always gets first in his class.
汤姆是一个用功的学生，他在班里总是第一名。(修饰名词student。)
Football is played over 80 countries, which makes it popular.
80多个国家都在踢足球，因此足球很流行。
(修饰整个主句Football is played over 80 countries。)
1．先行词与关系词
（1）什么是先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。可以这样理解，之所以称它为先行词，是因为先行词总是出现在定语从句之前，而不同于普通形容词修饰名词，形容词常位于名词之前。
e.g.Don’t forget the book that I told you to bring.
别忘了我让你带的书。(the book为先行词。)
（2）先行词与关系词的关系：引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
特别提示：
①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。
②在定语从句中，关系代词起着代词和连词的作用，关系副词起着副词和连词的作用。
③在定语从句中，关系词代替先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复作用相当于先行词的词。
下面的句子是错误的：
This is the right book that you are looking for the book.(应去掉the book。)
This is the right book that you are looking for it.(应去掉it。)
关系词的种类
①常见的关系代词
指代对象 代指人 代指物 既可指人也可指物
主格 who, that which, that, as that
宾格 whom, that
所有格 whose whose
e.g.Our chemistry teacher is a man who/ that can make his class lovely and interesting.
我们的化学老师可以使他的课堂生动有趣。
(主格who/ that在定语从句中作主语，代指人a man。)
Mr. White invited many friends to his party whom/who/that he respected much.
怀特先生邀请了很多他十分尊敬的朋友来参加他的宴会。
(宾格whom/ who/ that在定语从句中作respected的宾格，代指many friends。)
②常见的关系副词
指代对象 先行词 关系副词及相应介词结构
时间 时间先行词：day, year, date, time when, during which time
地点 地点先行词：the place, the city, Beijing where, in which, from which
原因 原因先行词：the reason why, that, for which
e.g.Make marks in places where you have questions.
在你有问题的地方做出标记。
(where为关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语。)
I still remember the time when we first met scores of years ago.
我依然记得几十年前我们第一次见面的情景。
(when为关系副词，在定语从句中作时间状语。)
特点提示：选择关系代词三步骤：
步骤一：首先找出先行词。
e.g.The book that/ which you just laid on the top shelf is mine.
你刚才放在高层书架上的书是我的。(the book是先行词，指物。)
步骤二：确定先行词在从句中所作的成分。
先行词the book在后面的定语从句中作laid的宾语，因此选择指物的关系代词which/that作宾语。
步骤三：确定关系代词的人称和数。
在此处由先行词the book可知是第三人称单数，如果关系代词作主语，则从句的谓语动词相应用单数。
部分习题（初级）：
请找出下列各句中的错误并加以改正。
1. This is the factory where we visited last week.
2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking.
3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.
4. The house in that we live is very small.
5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.
6. I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library.
7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.
8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.
9. Everything which we saw was of great interest.
10. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died.
11. The reason which he didn’t go to school is that he was ill.
12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.
13. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard.
14. I have two sisters, both of them are doctors.
15. We’re going to visit the school where your brother works there.
16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening.
17. That is the way which they work.
18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice.
19. Who is the man who has white hairs?
20. I will never forget the days which we had a good time together at the sea.
1．This is the best factory ____we visited last year .
A. where B. which C. in which D. that
2.Is this the factory ____computers are built ?
A. that B. which C. in which D. in that
3.please pass me the dictionary ____cover is red .
A. whose B.its C. which D. which of
4.The man ____has arrived .
A. whom I told you B. that I told you
C. whom I told you about him D. I told you about
5. Do you know the comrade ____we are talking ?
A. to whom B. to who C. whom D. to that
6. They visited the house ___the great writer was born .
A. from where B. in which C. which D. in where
7. The comrade ___is speaking at the meeting is my teacher .
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
8. He asked us to watch carefully everything ___he did in class .
A. who B. that C. what D. where
9. I’ll visit the professor tomorrow ,___he will be back from Shanghai .
A. who B. that C. when D. which
10.The school ___I study is a new one .
A. on which B. at where C. on that D. at which
11. China has many islands,____the largest is Taiwan .
A. in which B. at which C. which D. of which
12. The city ____my mother grew up is not far from here .
A. what b. where C. that D. which
13. Our teacher lives in the house ____door faces to the north .
A. which B. his C. that D. whose
14. Do you know the man ___your father nodded ?
A. whom B. to whom C. to who D. about whom
15.Wresting is a sport in ___people easily get hurt .
A. that B. when C. which D. what
16. I told you ____I know .
A. all that B. all which C. all what D. all whom
17.China has a lot of famous writers ,one ___is Lu Xun .
A. of which B. of whom C. of who D. of them
18. Is this factory ____we visited last year ?
A. in which B. around that C. whom D. the one
19. Who is the man ____was there ?
A. who B. which C. that D. whom
20. Is there anything ____I can do for you, sir ?
A. that B. which C. whose D. who
21. I still remember the day ____she first wore that green dress .
A. which B. in which C. on that D. on which
22. The knife ____we used to cut the bread is very sharp .
A. with which B. with it C. with that D. which
23. The games ____the young men competed in were difficult .
A. in which B. which C. it D. who
答案与部分解析:
1. where→that/which或去掉where。
2. 把for放在looking之后。英语中,有些短语动词,介词或副词不可与动词相分离。又如:look after, run into等。
3. who→whom。尽管在口语中who, whom都能作宾语,但在介词后只能用whom。
4. that→which。
5. that→which。that不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
6. which→that或去掉which。当先行词被all, every, no,some, any, little等修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
7. which→that或去掉which。当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the only,the very等所修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
8. who→that。如果先行词既指人又指物时,常用that引导定语从句。
9. which→that或去掉which。当先行词为something, anything,everything, nothing, all等时,常由that引导定语从句。
10. that→which。
11. which→why/which前加for或去掉which。
12. wants→want。定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词一致。
13. his→whose。
14. them→whom或both前加and。
15. 去掉there。
16. have→has。当one of+名词复数作先行词时,从句的谓语用复数;但是当one前有the (only)时,从句谓语要用单数。
17. which→that/which前加in或去掉which。
18. Those后加who。
19. 第二个who→that。当主句是以who 或which开头的疑问句时, 定语从句常用that 引导, 以避免重复。
20. which→when或which前加in。
Key:
1-5DCCDA 6-10 BCBCD 11-15 DBDBC 16-20 ABDCA 21- 23 DAB
定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。
e.g.Tom is a hardworking student who always gets first in his class.
汤姆是一个用功的学生，他在班里总是第一名。(修饰名词student。)
Football is played over 80 countries, which makes it popular.
80多个国家都在踢足球，因此足球很流行。
(修饰整个主句Football is played over 80 countries。)
1．先行词与关系词
（1）什么是先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。可以这样理解，之所以称它为先行词，是因为先行词总是出现在定语从句之前，而不同于普通形容词修饰名词，形容词常位于名词之前。
e.g.Don’t forget the book that I told you to bring.
别忘了我让你带的书。(the book为先行词。)
（2）先行词与关系词的关系：引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
特别提示：
①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。
②在定语从句中，关系代词起着代词和连词的作用，关系副词起着副词和连词的作用。
③在定语从句中，关系词代替先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复作用相当于先行词的词。
下面的句子是错误的：
This is the right book that you are looking for the book.(应去掉the book。)
This is the right book that you are looking for it.(应去掉it。)
关系词的种类
①常见的关系代词
指代对象 代指人 代指物 既可指人也可指物
主格 who, that which, that, as that
宾格 whom, that
所有格 whose whose
e.g.Our chemistry teacher is a man who/ that can make his class lovely and interesting.
我们的化学老师可以使他的课堂生动有趣。
(主格who/ that在定语从句中作主语，代指人a man。)
Mr. White invited many friends to his party whom/who/that he respected much.
怀特先生邀请了很多他十分尊敬的朋友来参加他的宴会。
(宾格whom/ who/ that在定语从句中作respected的宾格，代指many friends。)
②常见的关系副词
指代对象 先行词 关系副词及相应介词结构
时间 时间先行词：day, year, date, time when, during which time
地点 地点先行词：the place, the city, Beijing where, in which, from which
原因 原因先行词：the reason why, that, for which
e.g.Make marks in places where you have questions.
在你有问题的地方做出标记。
(where为关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语。)
I still remember the time when we first met scores of years ago.
我依然记得几十年前我们第一次见面的情景。
(when为关系副词，在定语从句中作时间状语。)
特点提示：选择关系代词三步骤：
步骤一：首先找出先行词。
e.g.The book that/ which you just laid on the top shelf is mine.
你刚才放在高层书架上的书是我的。(the book是先行词，指物。)
步骤二：确定先行词在从句中所作的成分。
先行词the book在后面的定语从句中作laid的宾语，因此选择指物的关系代词which/that作宾语。
步骤三：确定关系代词的人称和数。
在此处由先行词the book可知是第三人称单数，如果关系代词作主语，则从句的谓语动词相应用单数。
部分习题（初级）：
请找出下列各句中的错误并加以改正。
1. This is the factory where we visited last week.
2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking.
3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.
4. The house in that we live is very small.
5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.
6. I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library.
7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.
8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.
9. Everything which we saw was of great interest.
10. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died.
11. The reason which he didn’t go to school is that he was ill.
12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.
13. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard.
14. I have two sisters, both of them are doctors.
15. We’re going to visit the school where your brother works there.
16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening.
17. That is the way which they work.
18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice.
19. Who is the man who has white hairs?
20. I will never forget the days which we had a good time together at the sea.
1．This is the best factory ____we visited last year .
A. where B. which C. in which D. that
2.Is this the factory ____computers are built ?
A. that B. which C. in which D. in that
3.please pass me the dictionary ____cover is red .
A. whose B.its C. which D. which of
4.The man ____has arrived .
A. whom I told you B. that I told you
C. whom I told you about him D. I told you about
5. Do you know the comrade ____we are talking ?
A. to whom B. to who C. whom D. to that
6. They visited the house ___the great writer was born .
A. from where B. in which C. which D. in where
7. The comrade ___is speaking at the meeting is my teacher .
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
8. He asked us to watch carefully everything ___he did in class .
A. who B. that C. what D. where
9. I’ll visit the professor tomorrow ,___he will be back from Shanghai .
A. who B. that C. when D. which
10.The school ___I study is a new one .
A. on which B. at where C. on that D. at which
11. China has many islands,____the largest is Taiwan .
A. in which B. at which C. which D. of which
12. The city ____my mother grew up is not far from here .
A. what b. where C. that D. which
13. Our teacher lives in the house ____door faces to the north .
A. which B. his C. that D. whose
14. Do you know the man ___your father nodded ?
A. whom B. to whom C. to who D. about whom
15.Wresting is a sport in ___people easily get hurt .
A. that B. when C. which D. what
16. I told you ____I know .
A. all that B. all which C. all what D. all whom
17.China has a lot of famous writers ,one ___is Lu Xun .
A. of which B. of whom C. of who D. of them
18. Is this factory ____we visited last year ?
A. in which B. around that C. whom D. the one
19. Who is the man ____was there ?
A. who B. which C. that D. whom
20. Is there anything ____I can do for you, sir ?
A. that B. which C. whose D. who
21. I still remember the day ____she first wore that green dress .
A. which B. in which C. on that D. on which
22. The knife ____we used to cut the bread is very sharp .
A. with which B. with it C. with that D. which
23. The games ____the young men competed in were difficult .
A. in which B. which C. it D. who
答案与部分解析:
1. where→that/which或去掉where。
2. 把for放在looking之后。英语中,有些短语动词,介词或副词不可与动词相分离。又如:look after, run into等。
3. who→whom。尽管在口语中who, whom都能作宾语,但在介词后只能用whom。
4. that→which。
5. that→which。that不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
6. which→that或去掉which。当先行词被all, every, no,some, any, little等修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
7. which→that或去掉which。当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the only,the very等所修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。
8. who→that。如果先行词既指人又指物时,常用that引导定语从句。
9. which→that或去掉which。当先行词为something, anything,everything, nothing, all等时,常由that引导定语从句。
10. that→which。
11. which→why/which前加for或去掉which。
12. wants→want。定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词一致。
13. his→whose。
14. them→whom或both前加and。
15. 去掉there。
16. have→has。当one of+名词复数作先行词时,从句的谓语用复数;但是当one前有the (only)时,从句谓语要用单数。
17. which→that/which前加in或去掉which。
18. Those后加who。
19. 第二个who→that。当主句是以who 或which开头的疑问句时, 定语从句常用that 引导, 以避免重复。
20. which→when或which前加in。
Key:
1-5DCCDA 6-10 BCBCD 11-15 DBDBC 16-20 ABDCA 21- 23 DAB
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