android 怎么封装jni

android 怎么封装jni

一、底层实现:

c文件:hardware/libhardware_legacy/power/power.c

以其中set_screen_state(int)函数为例

其Android.mk中添加:
LOCAL_MODULE:= libpower 编译成lib
LOCAL_SRC_FILES += power.c

hardware/libhardware_legacy/power/power.c
1: int
2: set_screen_state(int on)
3: {
4: QEMU_FALLBACK(set_screen_state(on));
5:
6: LOGI("*** set_screen_state %d", on);
7:
8: initialize_fds();
9:
10: //LOGI("go_to_sleep eventTime=%lld now=%lld g_error=%s\n", eventTime,
11: // systemTime(), strerror(g_error));
12:
13: if (g_error)
14: goto failure;
15:
16: char buf[32];
17: int len;
18: if(on)
19: len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", on_state);
20: else
21: len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", off_state);
22:
23: buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = '\0';
24: len = write(g_fds[REQUEST_STATE], buf, len);
25: if(len < 0) {
26: failure:
27: LOGE("Failed setting last user activity: g_error=%d\n", g_error);
28: }
29: return 0;
30: }

其头文件power.h中:
1: #if__cplusplus
2: extern "C" { //注1
3: #endif
4: enum {
5: PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK = 1, // the cpu stays on, but the screen is off
6: FULL_WAKE_LOCK = 2 // the screen is also on
7: };
8:
9: // while you have a lock held, the device will stay on at least at the
10: // level you request.
11: int acquire_wake_lock(int lock, const char* id);
12: int release_wake_lock(const char* id);
13:
14: // true if you want the screen on, false if you want it off
15: int set_screen_state(int on);
16:
17: // set how long to stay awake after the last user activity in seconds
18: int set_last_user_activity_timeout(int64_t delay);
19:
20:
21: #if __cplusplus
22: } // extern "C"
23: #endif

注1:

注1:extern表示其他的类已经定义了这段代码里面的内容，这里只是做声明。
"C”表示的一种编译和连接规约，这里为下一步c++调用其做准备.
比如void foo(int,int);该函数被C编译器编译后在库中的名字为_foo，
而C++编译器则会产生像_foo_int_int之类的名字用来支持函数重载和类型安全连接。
由于编译后的名字不同，C++程序不能直接调用C函数。
因此C++提供了一个C连接交换指定符号extern“C”来解决这个问题而不是一种语言。
C表示这段代码可以是符合C语言的编译和连接规约的任何语言，如Fortran、assembler等。

二、cpp构成jni桥梁

一个CPP文件调用之,则需添加其头文件,比如frameworks/base/core/jni/android_os_Power.cpp.
1: #include "JNIHelp.h"
2: #include "jni.h"
3: #include "android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h"
4: #include <hardware_legacy/power.h>
5: namespace android{
6: ....
7:
8: //定义函数:
9: static int setScreenState(JNIEnv *env, jobject clazz, jboolean on)
10: {
11: return set_screen_state(on);//以此实现cpp到c的调用
12: }
13:
14: static JNINativeMethod method_table[] = {//此处实现java对cpp的调用转化 注2
15: { "acquireWakeLock", "(ILjava/lang/String;)V", (void*)acquireWakeLock },
16: { "releaseWakeLock", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V", (void*)releaseWakeLock },
17: { "setLastUserActivityTimeout", "(J)I", (void*)setLastUserActivityTimeout },
18: { "setScreenState", "(Z)I", (void*)setScreenState },
19: { "shutdown", "()V", (void*)android_os_Power_shutdown },
20: { "rebootNative", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V", (void*)android_os_Power_reboot },
21: };
22: int register_android_os_Power(JNIEnv *env) //此处注册jni
23: { //向VM(即AndroidRuntime)登记 gMethods[]表格所含的本地函数
24: return AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods(
25: env, "android/os/Power",
26: method_table, NELEM(method_table));
27: }
28: };
注2:

typedef struct {
const char* name; //Java中函数的名字
const char* signature; //用字符串是描述了函数的参数和返回值
void* fnPtr; //函数指针，指向C函数
} JNINativeMethod;
其中比较难以理解的是第二个参数，例如
"()V"
"(II)V"
"(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"
实际上这些字符是与函数的参数类型一一对应的。
"()" 中的字符表示参数，后面的则代表返回值。例如"()V" 就表示void Func();
"(II)V" 表示 void Func(int, int);
具体的每一个字符的对应关系如下
字符 Java类型 C类型
V void void
Z jboolean boolean
I jint int
J jlong long
D jdouble double
F jfloat float
B jbyte byte
C jchar char
S jshort short
数组则以"["开始，用两个字符表示
[I jintArray int[]
[F jfloatArray float[]
[B jbyteArray byte[]
[C jcharArray char[]
[S jshortArray short[]
[D jdoubleArray double[]
[J jlongArray long[]
[Z jbooleanArray boolean[]
上面的都是基本类型。如果Java函数的参数是class，则以"L"开头，以";"结尾中间是用"/" 隔开的包及类名。而其对应的C函数名的参数则为jobject. 一个例外是String类，其对应的类为jstring
Ljava/lang/String; String jstring
Ljava/net/Socket; Socket jobject
如果JAVA函数位于一个嵌入类，则用$作为类名间的分隔符。
例如 "(Ljava/lang/String;Landroid/os/FileUtils$FileStatus;)Z"

三、java的封装实现

frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/Power.java //此处路径跟cpp中注册jni处的路径是一致的.待细研究是否有关系
1: package android.os;
2: public class Power
3: {
4: ...
5: public static native int setScreenState(boolean on); //被native修饰的表示调用了非java语言的本地方法
6: ...
7: }

四、java中对其调用

frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/PowerManagerService.java
import android.os.Power;
public class PowerManagerService extends IPowerManager.Stub
implements LocalPowerManager, Watchdog.Monitor {
...
int err = Power.setScreenState(on);
...
}