Although______ under the sea for several hundred years, the ship loaded with a great deal of china

Although______ under the sea for several hundred years, the ship loaded with a great deal of china

因为船和bury是动宾结构，即被埋藏的意思。D表达的是现在进行时的被动结构，但从句的时间状语说明了动作已完成，因此，可使用having been buried，也可使用A选项，只是后者是前者的缩写形式而已。
仅供参考，望能帮助到你，呵呵！

D是现在式,要选A因为是过去式。

although和though引导让步状语从句时，常采用省略形式。
e.g. Although tired (=Although he was tired), he kept on working.
虽然很疲劳，但他继续工作。

不能选D。，只能选A。这里只是陈述一个客观事实，并不表示正被埋着。如果改成having been buried就可以。