完成时现在分词的被动语态于与过去分词的区别？

完成时现在分词的被动语态于与过去分词的区别？

having been defeated by A university team, my teammates were downcast. 这里的完成时的现在分词的被动语态，表示被defeat这个动作发生在后面的动作were downcast之前，这种时间的间隔有强调的意味。而如果写成：defeated by A university team, my teammates were downcast, 这里defeated这个动作，和were downcast这个动作在时间间隔上很近，没有强调二者的先后顺序。

1、前置定语 单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意义。 a类:被动意义: an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人 the injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital. 受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照料。 b类:完成意义: a retired teacher 一位退休的教师 they are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard. 他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。 2、后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词之后,它的作用相当于一个定语从句。如: this will be the best novel of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written). 这将是这类小说中写得最好的。 who were the so-called guests invited (=who had been invited) to your party last night? 昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀? 被动语态

　1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词

　　our classroom is cleaned everyday.

　　i am asked to study hard.

　　knives are used for cutting things.

　　2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词

　　a new shop was built last year.

　　dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.

　　3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词

　　this book has been translated into many languages.

　　many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.

　　4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

　　a new hospital will be built in our city.

　　many more trees will be planted next year.

　　5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

　　young trees must be watered often.

　　your mistakes should be corrected right now.

　　the door may be locked inside.

　　your homework can be handed in tomorrow.

　　6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词

　　uncle wang is mending my bike now.→

　　my bike is being repaired by tom now.

　　they are planting trees over there. →

　　trees are being planted over there by them.

　　7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词

　　there are two books to be read. →

　　there are twenty more trees to be planted.