不规则动词的过去式和过去分词

不规则动词的过去式和过去分词

中考初中英语不规则动词变化时态变化表
1. A---A---A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形）
动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词
cost cost cost 花费
cut cut cut 割，切
hit hit hit 打
let let let 让
put put put 放下
read read read 读
hurt hurt hurt 伤
2. A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形）
beat beat beaten 打
3. A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形）
come came come 来
become became become 变
run ran run 跑
4. A ---B ---B型
（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
burn burnt burnt 燃烧
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习
mean meant meant 意思
hear heard heard 听见
（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
build built built 建筑
lend lent lent 借给
lose lost lost 失去
send sent sent 送
spend spent spent 花费

（3）其他
pay paid paid 付
lay laid laid 下蛋
say said said 说

bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买
think thought thought 想

sleep slept slept 睡
keep kept kept 保持
sweep swept swept 扫

stand stood stood 站
understand understood understood 明白

win won won 得胜
shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光

catch caught caught 抓住
teach taught taught 教
feel felt felt 觉得
fight fought fought 战斗
find found found 发现
get got got 得到
hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，挂
have had had 有
hold held held 盛，握
leave left left 离开
make made made 制造
meet met met 遇见
sell sold sold 卖
shoot shot shot 射击
tell told told 告诉
smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻
sit sat sat 坐
dig dug dug 挖

5. A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）
（1）在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下
steal stole stolen 偷
give gave given 给
freeze froze frozen 冻结
take took taken 拿
see saw seen 看见

write wrote written 写
ride rode ridden 骑
drive drove driven 驾驶

throw threw thrown 抛，扔
blow blew blown 吹
grow grew grown 生长
know knew known 知道

fly flew flown 飞
draw drew drawn 拉，绘画
show showed shown 展示
（2）过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。
speak spoke spoken 说话
break broke broken 破碎，折断
wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒
choose chose chosen 选择
forget forgot forgotten 忘记

（3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。
begin began begun 开始
ring rang rung 按铃
sing sang sung 唱
sink sank sunk 沉
swim swam swum 游泳
drink drank drunk 饮

（4）其他不规则动词的变化。
be(am, is) was been 是
be(are) were been 是
do did done 做
go went gone 去
lie lay lain 躺
wear wore worn 穿

巧记不规则动词的过去式＆过去分词 一、aaa型（原形→原形→原形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 read read read 阅读 cut cut cut 切，割，剪 let let let 让 put put put 放置 cost cost cost 花费，值 hit hit hit 撞击 set set set 安排，安置 hurt hurt hurt 使…伤痛 二、aba型（原形→过去式→原形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 become became become 成为,变得 come came come 来 run ran run 跑 三、abc型 1. 原形 →ew →own 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 blow blew blown 吹 draw drew drawn 画 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 throw threw thrown 扔, 抛 fly flew flown 飞 2. i→a →u 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 begin began begun 开始 drink drank drunk 喝 sing sang sung 唱 swim swam swum 游泳 ring rang rung 打电话 3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 wear wore worn 穿着 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 speak spoke spoken 说 freeze froze frozen 冷冻, 冻结 choose chose chosen 选择 4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 eat ate eaten 吃 forbid forbade forbidden 禁止 give gave given 给予 ride rode ridden 骑, 乘 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 fall fell fallen 落下 5. 无规律 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 am/is was been 是 are were do did done 做 go went gone 走，离去 rise rose risen 上升，升起 take took taken 拿走，花费 四、abb型 1. 原形→ought →ought 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought 打架 think thought thought 思考 2. 原形→aught →aught 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 catch caught caught 捉,抓 teach taught taught 教 3. 变其中一个元音字母 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 feed fed fed 喂食 meet met met 遇见 get got got 得到，变得 hold held held 拥有，举行 babysit babysat babysat 临时照看 sit sat sat 坐 win won won 赢 find found found 发现 4. 原形→lt→lt 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 feel felt felt 感到，触摸 keep kept kept 保持 leave left left 离开 sleep slept slept 睡觉 sweep swept swept 扫地 spell spelt spelt 拼写 5. 变其中一个辅音字母 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 build built built 建造 hear heard heard 听见 make made made 制造 mean meant meant 意思 send sent sent 送,寄 spend spent spent 花费 deal dealt dealt 处理 6.辅音字母和元音字母都变 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 have had had 有,吃 lay lain lain 置放 lose lost lost 丢失 pay paid paid 付钱 say said said 说 sell sold sold 销售 tell told told 告诉 stand stood stood 站立，忍受 understand understood understood 理解 五、aab型 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 beat beat beaten 打败 六、有两种形式 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 bear bore born 生 bore borne hang hanged hanged 吊死 hung hung 悬挂 learn learned learned 学习 learnt learnt lie lied lied 说谎 lay lain 躺下，位于 show showed showed 展示 showed shown spell spelled spelled 拼写 spelt spelt burn burned burned 烧 burnt burnt smell smelled smelled 闻，嗅 smelt smelt shine shined shined 照耀 shone shone dream dreamed dreamed 梦想 dreamt dreamt wake waked waked 醒来 woke woken hide hid hid 躲藏 hid hidden 七、情态动词（无过去分词） 原形 过去式 汉语意思 can could 能 may might 也许 must ∕ 必须 shall should 将要 will would 会